Red and white
We often use the expression “black and white” – another pair of opposites, but this time based on colour. We discussed “light and darkness” in the last newsletter, and “black and white” presents a similar contrast. The Bible, however, doesn’t use “black and white” at all. Instead, the most similar colour contrast is between red and white, with red representing
sin and white meaning purity or sinlessness. We find it at the start of Isaiah when God roundly condemns the sin of his people[1] and encourages them to wash themselves. The section starts with God’s statement that he will ignore their prayers (and makes it fairly clear why):
“When you spread out your hands, I will hide my eyes
from you; even though you make many prayers, I will not listen; your hands are full of blood. Wash yourselves; make yourselves clean; remove the evil of your deeds from before my eyes; cease to do evil, learn to do good; seek justice, correct oppression; bring justice to the fatherless, plead the widow's cause. Come now, let us reason together, says the Lord: though your sins are like scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they are red like crimson, they shall become
like wool. If you are willing and obedient, you shall eat the good of the land…”
Isaiah 1:15-19
The passage uses three synonyms: scarlet, red and crimson. All are associated with sin – particularly the blood on their hands. If the people want to, however, they can wash themselves of sin, which would leave them clean, as white as snow or wool. In Revelation, the paradoxical way in which
people can make themselves clean is described:
“Then one of the elders addressed me, saying, ‘Who are these, clothed in white robes, and from where have they come?’ I said to him, ‘Sir, you know.’ And he said to me, ‘These are the ones coming out of the great tribulation. They have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the
Lamb.’ ”
Revelation 7:13-14
Jesus is the Lamb referred to, and his blood – which can wash away sins – is symbolised in the cup taken by believers in remembrance of him.[2]
A scarlet mark on a brilliant white garment cannot go unnoticed. Not only so, but we would expect it to leave a permanent stain. This is how our sin appears in God’s eyes: it can’t be missed and it
can’t be removed without special treatment. After we decide to commit our lives to God through Jesus, he applies this extended treatment throughout our life.
This example shows the contrast between God’s attempts to clean us (and keep us clean), and the efforts of the world around us to stain and tarnish us instead.
Let’s look at a couple of examples of our progress as described by Daniel. First, one where he describes the
final result – either purification or complete contamination:
“Many shall purify themselves and make themselves white and be refined, but the wicked shall act wickedly. And none of the wicked shall understand, but those who are wise shall understand.”
Daniel 12:10
Secondly, an example describing possible false starts or temporary setbacks, but still with cleanness as the final result:
“…and some of the wise shall stumble, so that they may be refined, purified, and made white, until the time of the end, for it still awaits the appointed time.”
Daniel
11:35
“The time of the end” is an appointed time when God’s ongoing process of purifying us will end with the return of Jesus.[3] Until then, or until our death, we make a choice every day between the red of sin and the white of righteousness.
Aside:
If you
want to meditate on the subject of spiritual whiteness, here are a few passages from Revelation to think about: Revelation 1:14; 2:17; 3:4-5, 18; 7:9; 14:14; 19:11, 14; 20:11. You will need to consider the context of each and note that this is not an exhaustive list of the use of “white” in Revelation.
Genuine or only skin-deep?
When the outside of a house starts to decay or deteriorate, we often paint it to cover up the effects of time.
The paint doesn’t make the house new, but makes it look better for the time being.
Can we do the same sort of thing with our appearance of godliness? Can we put on a veneer of godliness, rather than being genuinely godly? Can godliness be only skin-deep?
In the Bible, applying such a veneer of godliness is sometimes described as smearing something with whitewash. It doesn’t change the underlying structure or
content, but it makes it look better for a while.
In Matthew 23, after the Pharisees and teachers of the law conspired together to trap Jesus through tricky questions they would have refused to answer themselves, Jesus reflects on their insincerity:
“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you are like
whitewashed tombs, which outwardly appear beautiful, but within are full of dead people's bones and all uncleanness. So you also outwardly appear righteous to others, but within you are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness.”
Matthew 23:27-28
A thin coat of paint on the outside can hide many defects for a while – which is why it is so common for people to paint houses just before they sell them. However,
all it does is cover up problems or paper over the cracks, it doesn’t make any deep change.
Ezekiel uses the same analogy when describing false prophets in Judah:
“Precisely because they have misled my people, saying, Peace, when there is no peace, and because, when the people build a wall, these prophets smear it
with whitewash, say to those who smear it with whitewash that it shall fall!”
Ezekiel 13:10-11[4]
These dishonest prophets falsely claimed to have messages from God, but really just told the people what they wanted to hear. When the people believed them and spurned God’s warnings – described here as building a wall, intended to keep out the punishment God had threatened – the prophets gave them support,
symbolically painting their pathetic wall with whitewash.
The coating of whitewash might make a wall look well-built and impregnable, but since it was not built on God’s foundations, it would soon collapse. God’s judgement would be poured out on the false prophets and the people alike, just as the genuine prophets like Ezekiel had announced. In the end, only the foundation would matter, not the gleaming whitewash that looked so nice.
In the same way, our righteousness must be genuine, not just about appearances.[5]
Good and evil
“Good” and “evil” are an obvious pair of contrasting words and it’s not surprising that they occur together quite often in the Bible.
Adam and Eve were not allowed to eat from one particular tree in the Garden of Eden – the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.[6] They
disobeyed the command and death came as a result.[7]
It’s hard for me to imagine how fruit can give such knowledge because I’m used to thinking of eating food as similar to filling up a car with petrol or recharging a battery – the effects aren’t permanent. Clearly this tree was different – it appears that a single dose of its fruit had a permanent effect, not only on Adam and Eve but on their children and all of us as
their descendants.[8]
We all know what it is like to have the niggling feeling in our mind that something is right or wrong, good or evil. And none of us can remember a time in our life when we didn’t feel our conscience in this way, as an urge that pushes us to do some things because they “feel” right and not to do others because they “feel” wrong. This niggling feeling is also independent of the laws of our country, because our conscience will
often stop us from doing things that are quite legal, but don’t seem right, and allow (or even sometimes drive) us to do things that are not legal but seem necessary.
At the same time, although our conscience is independent of law, there is normally a wide overlap between the laws of our country and the laws of our conscience.
Experience also shows that individual consciences are different: just as our height, build, strength,
skills and ability vary from person to person, so does our conscience. And our conscience is not unchangeable: it can be tweaked, twisted, ignored or nourished; it can be cauterised into silence, or pampered until it becomes hypersensitive and attacks us like an auto-immune disease.
The Bible helps us to avoid these extremes by providing fine tuning for our knowledge of good and evil. You could say that God has given us a conscience for built-in
day-to-day navigation, and the Bible to keep our conscience healthily calibrated.
As God said to his people:
“See, I have set before you today life and good, death and evil… Therefore choose life, that you and your offspring may live,”
Deuteronomy 30:15, 19
And to the prophet Amos:
“Seek good, and not evil, that you may live; and so the Lord, the God of hosts, will be with you, as you have said. Hate evil, and love good, and establish justice in the gate;…”
Amos 5:14-15
In our earlier
discussion of light and darkness, we saw that some people will rebel against God’s definitions of good and evil and do their best to reverse them.[9] We can subvert the operation of our conscience over time, if we form a habit of ignoring it or listening to others who try to convince us that its guidance is wrong. The end of this path is to join the group God describes as:
“you who hate the good and love the evil…”
Micah 3:2
Overall, what we do shows whether our consciences are well-calibrated or badly out of adjustment. As Jesus said,
“The good person out of the good treasure of his
heart produces good, and the evil person out of his evil treasure produces evil, for out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaks.”
Luke 6:45 (see also Matthew 12:33-35)
Notes
[1] Isaiah 1:4
[2] Matthew 26:27-28; 1 Corinthians 11:25-26
[3] Daniel 12:1-4, 8-13; Acts 1:3-11; 1 Thessalonians 4:13-5:11
[4] See also Ezekiel 13:14-15 and Ezekiel 22:28.
[5] See
Paul’s confrontation with the high priest in Acts 23:1-5. Paul admitted a mistake; not so the high priest.
[6] Genesis 2:9; 17
[7] Genesis 3:19
[8] Genesis 3:20
[9] Isaiah 5:20